Chart colors are split into three systems: semantic tokens for data with inherent polarity, a categorical palette for nominal series, and a sequential scale for density encoding. Using the right system for the data type is the most important color decision in a chart.
Color Systems
Charts in dashboards serve different jobs, so color is not one-size-fits-all. To avoid misreading data, use different color systems based on the data task.
Semantic Tokens
Use semantic chart colors when data has inherent polarity, such as status, severity, or health. The chart variants are tuned to be readable in dense data visualizations without making every warning feel equally urgent.
Categorical Palette
Use the categorical palette when data has no inherent polarity. The palette is ordered for clear separation between adjacent slots and cycles predictably for charts with more than six series.
color = colors[index % colors.length].Categorical colors are checked with a color vision deficiency simulator. This example shows how the palette appears with deuteranopia.
Sequential Scale
Use a single-hue sequential scale for density, where color intensity reinforces magnitude. Darker steps encode higher values in light mode, while lighter steps encode higher values in dark mode.